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Messiaen,  La Transfiguration de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ: Pierre-Laurent Aimard (piano), Philharmonia Orchestra Soloists, BBC Symphony Chorus, Philharmonia Voices, The Philharmonia Orchestra, Kent Nagano (conductor). Royal Festival Hall, London 16.10.2008 (AO)


La Transfiguration de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ is one of the key works of Messiaen’s whole output.  It’s magnificent. After all, it describes nothing less than the transfiguration of Jesus into God. It’s a miracle, so miraculous music is quite in order. Kent Nagano worked closely with Messiaen, and is one of his great interpreters, therefore this concert should have been sold out. Unfortunately, La Transfiguration received a dull performance at the Proms (see review) which may have put people off. This was tragic, for Nagano showed how the piece really can shine. There was hardly any comparison between the turgid Prom and this performance. A two hour concert without an interval might seem hard to take, but time flashed past with Nagano’s electric, inspired, delivery. Seldom has a case been so clearly made for idiomatic interpretation, by musicians who understand what they are doing.

Nagano realiszes that, despite the Catholic liturgy, Messiaen’s music is all-embracing, recognizing the value in all cultures.  Knowing something about the theology helps on finer points of detail, but essentially, all you really need to know to “get” Messiaen is to share his all-embracing vision of the world, where all things rejoice in the glory of life. It’s probably easier for a Kathak drummer or Turkish dervish to understand his ecstasy than some po-faced fundamentalist. Early Christian saints had much in common with other religions: think of medieval sculpture and painting where saints glow with otherworldy joy.  What Nagano brought out in this performance was Messiaen’s uninhibited freedom of spirit. Despite the Latin text and references to the Mass, what made this performance so good was its vibrant liveliness. The idea of man made God “is” exciting whatever flavour your beliefs may be.

Nagano also had the advantage of musicians able to adapt to Messiaen’s unusual idiom. The BBC Symphony Chorus and the Philharmonia Voices showed they could “swing” with the right heady wildness while being so precise that all two hundred voices held together with clarity.  Again, this looseness doesn’t come easily to classically trained musicians.  That’s why I was so surprised when, again at this year’s Prom, Simon Rattle achieved the feat of making the Berlin Philharmoniker jive. (See review).  I dislike his recording of the Turangalîla-symphonie with CBSO, but what he did with the Berliners was in a completely different league.  The secret was that the Berliners were playing with the idiosyncratic vitality Messiaen needs above all. Nagano did much the same with the even larger forces La Transfiguration requires.

La Transfiguration is configured in two Septénaires, two sections each with seven parts. The piece moves forward not through ordinary thematic development but rather as a procession of units marking each stage of the narrative. Thus section 3 Christus Jésus splendour Patris marks a new phase in the progress, opening wide vistas of sound: the choirs seem to explode in glory. “Your lightnings lit up the world, the earth trembled and shook”, they sing in endless variation.  No holds barred, this is shock and awe made sound.  In the 5^th part, Quam dilecta tabernacula tua, Nagano shows how Messiaen writes angular blocks of sound like massed ostinato, yet animated with a strange wavy rhythm.  Within this is embedded a glorious cello solo, here played by Karen Stephenson. Her beautiful playing adds another smaller, but vital element to the cross currents of texture. The whole orchestra seems to be swaying together, in perfect unison, for this is a part of the “procession”.  Messiaen has two percussion soloists at the front, whose role is much the same as if they were leading a marching band.

The Second Septénaire is even more glorious than the first. The textures here are even more complex, the central core being more dominant, the wavering rhythms now like shards of light radiating outwards into space. After all, God has suddenly appeared in the heavens, announcing that Jesus is his son “in whom I am well pleased”. On the final “ipsum audite” choir and orchestra seem to explode, the darker brass booming like fog horns.  Then, in the 9^th section, Messiaen uses individual solo voices, the embodiment of “man”, before returning to the climactic roar that is God. Exquisitely beautiful committed singing from these voices, heard cleanly and crisply above the tumult.

Nagano also knows the importance of the silences that mark transitions in the form of the music. For example, he respects the silences between the 10^th, 11^th and 12^th sections which mark the differing foci and also the sense of ceremonial procession. At the Proms these silences were interrupted by radio broadcasts, showing how little their function was understood.  The 12^th section opens with a single phrase “Clothed with light as with a robe” a reference to Jesus appearing to his disciples shining with light. We’ve all seen this in Bible pictures, but rarely made as “real” as in Messiaen’s music.  The vocal line becomes highly decorated. Then, Gloria in excelcis Deo, almost hysterical with bliss. Nagano makes the up and down pulse in the orchestra indicate barely restrained excitement. All nature is singing here, Greek metres and Hindu talas, birds and musicians. The final two sections extend the sense of epiphany, outbursts of pure ecstasy and transcendant bliss.

This concert was also a reminder of just how much Messiaen has influenced conducting practice. Music like this cannot afford to be handled without precision and clarity of purpose. Muddy performance dims the light–infused detail.  Like so many others who worked with Messiaen (Boulez, Myun-whun Chung, Benjamin) Nagano’s conducting persona has been defined by a clear sense of how music works on its own terms.  There’s no need for extraneous flashiness. It’s all in the music for those who can find it. 

Anne Ozorio


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