Johann Adolf HASSE (1699 -1783)
Marc'Antonio e Cleopatra (1725) [89.50]
Marc'Antonio – Jamie Barton (mezzo); Cleopatra – Ava Pine (soprano)
Ars Lyrica Houston/Matthew Dirst (conductor and harpsichord)
rec. 30-31 December 2009, 2 January 2010, Zilkha Hall Hobby Center for the
Performing Arts, Houston. TX
DORIAN SONO LUMINUS DSL-92115 [46.22 + 43.28]
Like Handel had done some years earlier, Johann Adolf Hasse left his native
Germany in 1721 to gain some Italian polish, He eventually settled in Naples
and studied with Porpora and Alessandro Scarlatti. In 1730 he moved to Dresden
where he became Kapellmeister, married one of Handel's divas and the two became
the power couple of late baroque opera.
During his Italian period Hasse produced seven operas, eight intermezzi and
the serenatas. His serenata Marc'Antonio e Cleopatra was written for
a Neapolitan banker in whose palace it was first performed in 1725. As a genre
the serenata lay somewhere between the solo cantata and a full-length opera.
Typically baroque serenatas set a familiar love story and form a sequence
of short operatic scenes. Here the libretto is by poet and impresario Francesco
Ricciardi. It starts with Marc'Antonio's defeat by Octavian, the two declare
their love and rather than submit to Rome, agree on suicide.
But there is an element in the original casting which sheds a fascinating
light on the difference between baroque attitudes and ours. The original singers
were the castrato Farinelli and the contralto Victoria Tesi, but contrary
to what we might expect Farinelli sang Cleopatra and Tesi sang Marc'Antonio.
Such cross-casting was then common in Italy, as it helped emphasise the artificiality
of the operatic genre. But castrati did not sing travesty roles in England,
so we are less familiar with the idea.
On this recording from Ars Lyrica Houston, the two roles are sung by women
with Jamie Barton as Marc'Antonio and Ava Pine as Cleopatra.
The serenata opens with a sinfonia with each half being formed from four arias
and a duet. Each singer is allocated the same number of arias, preserving
perfect balance. But in another respect there is a difference. The role of
Marc'Antonio (originally sung by Tesi) has a sequence of lyric, galant arias
but Cleopatra (sung by Farinelli) is given a sequence of wonderfully brilliant
arias. It is Cleopatra which is the show-piece role. Hasse became renowned
for delivering virtuoso arias which showed off and flattered the original
singers’ voices.
Pine has quite a rich voice, she is no slim-voiced canary, but displays a
lively sense of baroque style and is quite fearless in her way with Hasse's
virtuosic vocal lines. She makes a strong, commanding queen. Barton has a
Marilyn Horne-like voice and a nice way with the lyrical lines which Hasse
has written for Marc'Antonio. Though there are moments when she sounds a little
too careful, she is suitably love-lorn.
The piece is quite short, lasting a fraction under 90 minutes. But I did wonder
whether the piece might have been fitted onto a single CD. Conductor Matthew
Dirst takes the recitatives at an amazingly sedate pace, they are sedate and
deliberate rather than dramatic; you certainly wouldn't want to hear an entire
opera performed this way.
The serenata became quite famous in Hasse's lifetime, but this seems to be
its first complete recording, so we must be thankful to Ars Lyrica Houston.
It is an attractive and well made piece, but it does not mine the real depths
of the characters’ emotions the way Handel could. Handel's Italian period
produced such striking gems as his cantata Lucrezia which explores
Lucrezia's emotional turmoil in depth; whereas Hasse seems to have been mainly
concerned to show off his singers in the best light and perhaps flatter the
audience.
Hasse's original accompaniment was for strings and continuo but Ars Lyrica
have added some woodwind (oboes, recorders, flute and bassoon) to produce
a rather effective piece. That said, you do wonder whether Hasse's original
slimmer version might have been tighter and more dramatically incisive.
Under Matthew Dirst's capable direction Ars Lyrica and their soloists give
a lively performance of a charming work. It brought fame to Hasse and is well
worth encountering in this engaging performance.
Robert Hugill
Well worth encountering in this engaging performance